Year 4 · Autumn 1.1 · Step 1

Earth & Space

Group animals

Sorting vertebrates into the five groups by their features — and looking past where an animal lives.

Arrival Starter I do We do Independent Exit ticket
🌱 Seedling · Working towards 🌿 Sapling · Expected 🌳 Oak · Greater depth

⏱ Whole lesson ≈ 44 min · pick a tier in the bar, or leave on "All"

Arrival 4 min

New topic and the start of the autumn term. Recap Year 2 animal groups.

Recap: animals we know

🌱 Seedling
Working towards

Name two animals you can see out of the window at home.

🌿 Sapling
Expected
  1. Name an animal that has fur.
  2. Name an animal that lays eggs.
🌳 Oak
Greater depth

Is a whale a fish? What makes you say that?

Bridge into todayScientists sort living things into groups by their features. Today we start with animals that have a spine.
Starter 5 min

Introduce "vertebrate" and the five groups.

Animals with a spine

An animal with a spine is a vertebrate. Vertebrates are sorted into five groups: mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles — each with its own features.

🌱 Seedling
Working towards

A vertebrate has a ____.

spine · shell
🌿 Sapling
Expected

Name two of the five vertebrate groups.

🌳 Oak
Greater depth

What features would tell you an animal is a mammal?

I do · 1 6 min

Teacher models. Watch, then pull out each group's features.

The five vertebrate groups

▶ Can't see it? Watch "Vertebrate Animals for kids — mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles" on YouTube

Swap the clip: change the ID after /embed/ (now HQdiSMUZEDA).

Say thisMammals have fur and feed their young milk. Birds have feathers. Fish have gills and scales. Amphibians have moist skin. Reptiles have dry, scaly skin. All five have a spine.
🐕
Mammalfur, milk
🐟
Fishgills, scales
🦎
Reptiledry scales
We do · 1 6 min

Sort animals by group together — use the harder ones to challenge.

Which group?

🐬 dolphin   🦇 bat   🐢 turtle   🦅 eagle   🐸 frog   🦈 shark

Sort together
Ask "does it have fur? feathers? gills? moist skin? dry scales?"
A dolphin looks like a fish but has no gills and feeds milk — it's a mammal.
I do · 2 4 min

Play the animation. Bust: a whale is a fish because it lives in water.

Look past where it lives

vertebrate = has a spine 🐕 Mammals — fur 🐦 Birds — feathers 🐟 Fish — gills 🐸 Amphibians — moist skin 🦎 Reptiles — dry scales

Every one of these has a spine — but their features (fur, feathers, gills…) put them in different groups.

Model the ideaA whale lives in water but breathes air, has no gills and feeds its young milk — so it's a mammal, not a fish. Where an animal lives doesn't decide its group; its features do.

Watch for: "if it lives in water it's a fish" and thinking bats are birds.

We do · 2 5 min

Quick true/false to check the groups have stuck.

True or false?

Decide together
"A whale is a mammal."   "All animals that live in water are fish."   "Birds have feathers."
Say which are true and which are myths, using the group features.
Independent 10 min

On your own. Sort each animal, then write at your tier.

Mammal or fish?

🐕 Mammal

🐟 Fish

🚫 Myth to bust

Tap a card to sort it…

🌱 Seedling
Working towards

Sort the cards. Then finish: A vertebrate has a ____.

🌿 Sapling
Expected

Sort them, then write one feature of a mammal and one of a fish.

🌳 Oak
Greater depth

Sort them, then explain why a whale is a mammal, not a fish.

Exit ticket 4 min

Answer at your tier, then hand it in.

Show what you know

🌱 Seedling
Working towards
  • What is a vertebrate?
  • Name one vertebrate group.
🌿 Sapling
Expected
  • Name three of the five groups.
  • Give one feature of a bird.
🌳 Oak
Greater depth

How do features help us group vertebrates? Use an example.

TA Focus · Vertebrate groups
Anchor on features, not habitat: mammals (fur/milk), birds (feathers), fish (gills/scales), amphibians (moist skin), reptiles (dry scales) — all have a spine. For the sorter, ask 'gills or milk?' The big myth: a whale/dolphin is a fish because it lives in water — it's a mammal.
Cold Call · Question bank
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