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Lesson overview

LAUNCH · GCSE Biology · Week 9 · Do

Mitosis: Identical Daughter Cells

Sequence outcome: Edexcel GCSE Biology 1BI0 Foundation · Paper 1 · Topic 2 · specification points 2.2–2.4 · identical daughter cells, roles of mitosis and uncontrolled cell division.

🎯 Learning objective: I can explain how mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells with the parent chromosome number, then apply the process to growth, repair, asexual reproduction and cell-division data.
✅ Success criteria
  • Track one copy of every chromosome into each daughter cell and state that chromosome number is maintained.
  • Explain how repeated mitosis supports growth, tissue repair or asexual reproduction.
  • Calculate cell-number change and evaluate whether division-rate evidence alone supports a claim about cancer.
Arrival · previous learningStarter · observe / predictI Do · model the reasoningWe Do · hinge & responseI Do 2 · connect / extendWe Do 2 · scientific model / dataIndependent · evidence & transferExit · receive and use the response
🧪 Division Evidence Studio: track chromosomes into growth, repair and asexual reproduction⏱ 40 minutes📍 C39 only🔁 Live Lundy loop↺ Retry without penalty
2️⃣TWO DAUGHTERSone division🧬SAME SETchromosome number kept🩹APPLYgrowth, repair, reproduction
QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 3 min
🚪 Arrival · previous learning
Retrieve only what has already been taught
  1. Last lesson: DNA replication occurs before mitosis and copied chromosomes then separate.
  2. Last lesson: metaphase alignment and anaphase separation provide evidence for equal chromosome distribution.
  3. Last lesson: image counts are sample evidence and must not be overstated.
  4. Lead-in: cell number doubles after one completed division, but chromosome number per daughter cell does not.
New to this class, absent, or not sure? Everything needed is in the retrieval box above. Read it, point to it or ask a familiar adult to read it exactly.
◆ Supported
  1. One parent cell completes mitosis and cytokinesis. Choose the outcome: one or two daughter cells.
  2. A parent body cell has six chromosomes. Choose six or twelve for each daughter.
  3. Match new cells at a cut to growth/repair or digestion.
  4. Lead-in: distinguish doubling cell number from doubling chromosome number.
▲ Standard
  1. Explain why DNA is replicated before mitosis.
  2. State how many daughter cells one completed division forms.
  3. Name two biological roles of mitosis.
  4. Lead-in: calculate the ideal number of cells after three divisions from one starting cell.
★ Stretch
  1. Explain why metaphase and anaphase support equal chromosome inheritance.
  2. State the condition under which daughter cells are genetically identical.
  3. Distinguish a high division rate in healing tissue from uncontrolled division.
  4. Lead-in: identify what evidence would be needed before calling a cell sample cancerous.
LAUNCH response routes
📝 write / edit🗣 structured verbal📏 measure / calculate📊 graph / interpret🧪 practical / demonstrate↺ re-attempt

Access changes the response route, not the GCSE Biology entitlement.

🔊 Read-aloud route: a familiar adult may read the task exactly while the text remains visible. No device voice or media permission is required.
QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 3 min
🌱 Starter · observe / predict

A parent body cell contains 12 chromosomes before DNA replication. After normal mitosis and cytokinesis, what should each daughter cell contain?

LOCAL VISUAL HOOK · FRAME 1
Frame 1: DNA is copied before nuclear division.
Notice first. Explain after you commit.
LOCAL VISUAL HOOK · FRAME 2
Frame 2: one copy of each chromosome is distributed to each daughter nucleus.
Notice first. Explain after you commit.
LOCAL VISUAL HOOK · FRAME 3
Frame 3: cell number doubles, while chromosome number per daughter is maintained.
Notice first. Explain after you commit.

Commit one first idea. Predictions are held, not marked. Pointing, selecting, saying or signing all count.

QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 4 min
👩‍🏫 I Do · model the reasoning

Make the first scientific idea visible

DAUGHTER CELLcell produced by divisionone of the two cells formed when a parent cell completes mitosis and cytokinesis
GENETICALLY IDENTICALsame genetic informationhaving the same DNA sequence and chromosome set, provided no mutation or division error occurs
TUMOURabnormal cell massa mass of cells formed when cell division and growth are not controlled normally

WHAT THIS MODEL HELPS US SEE

Use COPY → SEPARATE → TWO EQUAL SETS → APPLICATION. In calculations, label whether the number is cells, chromosomes per cell or total chromosomes across all cells.

WHAT THIS MODEL DOES NOT SHOW

The doubling model assumes every cell completes division synchronously and survives, with no mutation, checkpoint arrest or differentiation. Real tissues contain signals, cell death and different cell-cycle rates.

Step 1

Model a parent body cell with four chromosomes. During interphase each chromosome's DNA is replicated to form joined sister chromatids; this increases DNA amount but prepares equivalent copies.

Step 2

At mitosis, one copy of each chromosome moves into each forming nucleus. No chromosome type should be missing or duplicated in the completed model.

Step 3

After cytokinesis, each daughter cell has four chromosomes and equivalent genetic information. State the honest condition: this usual outcome assumes no mutation or chromosome-separation error.

Word help keeps the scientific term visible and adds a plain-language bridge.

QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 4 min
🤝 We Do · hinge & response

A diploid body cell has eight chromosomes. Which result best represents normal mitosis and cytokinesis?

Everyone commits before explanation.

Use a button, point, say/sign or let an adult operate the chosen button. A retry is information, not a penalty.

QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 3 min
👩‍🏫 I Do 2 · connect / extend

Connect the model to the second idea

Connection: the model is useful when its visible pattern is translated into a scientific explanation.
Connection 1

Apply normal mitosis: repeated divisions increase cell number during growth; replacement divisions support tissue maintenance and repair; mitosis also produces genetically identical offspring or cells in asexual reproduction.

Connection 2

Calculate ideal cell number from one starting cell: after n completed divisions, cell number = 2ⁿ. Three rounds give 1 → 2 → 4 → 8 cells; this calculation does not change chromosome number per cell.

Connection 3

Evaluate an application claim: changes in genes controlling the cell cycle can cause uncontrolled division and tumour formation, but a high mitotic index can also occur in normal growing or healing tissue. Context and further evidence are required.

MODEL STRENGTH

Use COPY → SEPARATE → TWO EQUAL SETS → APPLICATION. In calculations, label whether the number is cells, chromosomes per cell or total chromosomes across all cells.

MODEL LIMIT

The doubling model assumes every cell completes division synchronously and survives, with no mutation, checkpoint arrest or differentiation. Real tissues contain signals, cell death and different cell-cycle rates.

QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 4 min
🤝 We Do 2 · scientific model / data

Mitosis application and evidence triage

Route each case to normal growth/repair, asexual reproduction or uncontrolled-division evidence, then justify the chromosome or cell-number claim.

Read the biological case and identify the outcome being explained.Commit it to normal growth/repair, asexual reproduction or uncontrolled-division evidence.Calculate or annotate the relevant cell and chromosome numbers.Freeze the application only when the claim is no stronger than the evidence.

Cards to place

Matching groups

The applications are mixed, and the current calculation incorrectly doubles chromosome number per daughter cell.

🧩 Science glitch · find and repair it

Claim: Application glitch: mitosis doubles chromosome number in every daughter cell, and any tissue with many dividing cells must be cancerous.

QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 15 min
✏️ Independent · evidence & transfer

Complete a GCSE application set: explain identical daughter-cell formation, calculate cell-number change, apply mitosis to growth/repair/asexual reproduction and EVALUATE a claim from division-rate data.

👐 Physical route

Chromosome counters, before/after table, calculator, fictional tissue dataset, application cards and GCSE command-word frame.

Same outcome: I can explain how mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells with the parent chromosome number, then apply the process to growth, repair, asexual reproduction and cell-division data.

🖥 Offline digital / director route

Model chromosome distribution and calculate cell numbers locally, then type an evidence-bounded evaluation. Check one doubling calculation by hand.

Same evidence: A correct before/after chromosome table, shown 2ⁿ cell calculation, two justified biological applications and one evidence-limited evaluation.

🧰 Equipment / setupChromosome counters, before/after table, calculator, fictional tissue dataset, application cards and GCSE command-word frame.
🛡 Safety / sensoryUse fictional or anonymised data only. This lesson does not diagnose cancer or give medical advice; personal health disclosures are neither requested nor used as class evidence.
🖥 Offline parityModel chromosome distribution and calculate cell numbers locally, then type an evidence-bounded evaluation. Check one doubling calculation by hand.
No-equipment/access route: Use tactile counters, enlarged number lines, spoken selection or eye-pointing with adult scribing. Preserve the same chromosome tracking, calculation and evaluation demand.

◆ Supported

Complete a four-chromosome model, calculate one to eight cells over three rounds, and match growth, repair and asexual examples.

Scaffold

Use: Each daughter has __ chromosomes. Cell number changes __. This supports __ because __.

▲ Standard

Explain identical daughter-cell formation, calculate cell number after several rounds and evaluate whether a high mitotic index proves cancer.

Scaffold

Label every number as cells or chromosomes per cell; use EVALUATE = evidence + limitation + supported judgement.

★ Stretch

Analyse a multi-condition division dataset, distinguish normal and uncontrolled division, and evaluate the identical-daughter model using mutation and segregation-error caveats.

Scaffold

Quantify the pattern, identify missing evidence and avoid treating a simplified model or one indicator as certainty.

Evidence gate

1 · Pupil decisionPrediction, question, method or choice is visible.
2 · Observable evidenceA result, source note, model state or adult observation is preserved.
3 · Pupil meaningA correct before/after chromosome table, shown 2ⁿ cell calculation, two justified biological applications and one evidence-limited evaluation.
QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

⏱ 4 min
🎫 Exit · receive and use the response

Finish with an edit or re-attempt on the existing work

Supported

A parent body cell has six chromosomes. State the chromosome number in each normal daughter cell.

Standard

Explain how mitosis supports repair and calculate the ideal cells produced from one cell after four divisions.

Stretch

Evaluate the claim that a high mitotic index proves a tissue is cancerous, using normal repair and missing-evidence reasoning.

Adult Audience

The familiar adult genuinely receives the pupil response, then says back the Science they heard or saw. The adult does not add a score or rewrite the pupil.

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

Session state is temporary. Reload clears responses; there is no account, upload or saved pupil identity.

⌂ Start
QUESTIONEVIDENCEPATTERNEXPLANATIONAPPLICATIONEVALUATION

LAUNCH rule: explanation is earned through prediction, observation, measurement, calculation or reasoning from evidence.

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

Staff route

TA Brief · Lesson overview

Priority

Settle, wait and protect the learning goal.

Least-prompt move

Use the least prompt needed, then fade it.

Prompt ladder

WAITSELF-PROMPTVISUAL CUEGENERAL VERBALSPECIFIC VERBALMODELDIRECT SUPPORT
Read-aloud availability: a familiar adult can read the exact current task while the text remains visible. Device speech is intentionally omitted so the deck asks for no media permission and stays dependable offline.

Guidance and access

Live Lundy loop

🛡 SPACE
🗣 VOICE
👂 AUDIENCE
⚙ INFLUENCE

SPACE available · VOICE waiting · AUDIENCE waiting · INFLUENCE waiting

Audience is real only when a familiar adult receives the response. Influence is real only when one next teaching move visibly changes.