I can use models and evidence. I can show what I know about skeletons, muscle pairs, nutrition, balance and food.
Success looks like
Show one idea about bones, moving, food and where food comes from.
Join two science ideas with the word because.
Use a model or the evidence to back up what you say.
We will look, work as a group, then use the evidence on our own.
Arrival task
Arrival task
Choose a route. Think first, then check the answers together.
1. Bones and jobs
Which job does the skull do: protect the brain or digest food?
Think about what is inside your head.
Answer: The skull protects the brain.
2. A muscle moves
A muscle gets shorter and pulls. Is that contract or relax?
You can show the idea with your hand or point to a word.
Answer: Contract.
3. Animal evidence
A dog has an internal backbone. A worm does not. Which is a vertebrate?
Vertebrate means an animal with a backbone.
Answer: The dog is a vertebrate.
4. Sugar evidence
J has 5 g sugar per 100 g. K has 10 g per 100 g. Which has less sugar?
Compare the same amount of food.
Answer: J: 5 g sugar per 100 g.
1. Skeleton job
Name one job of a skeleton and a bone that helps do it.
Think about holding up, protecting or moving.
Answer: For example: the skull protects the brain. Ribs protect the heart and lungs. Bones hold the body up and work with muscles at joints.
2. A muscle pair
When the biceps contracts to bend an arm, what does its partner do?
Muscles pull. Think about what the triceps needs to allow.
Answer: The triceps relaxes and gets longer in this simple model.
3. Classification
Say what vertebrate means. Use the word backbone.
Use a body part on the inside as your evidence.
Answer: A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone inside.
4. Compare with support
J: 5 g sugar per 100 g. K: 10 g per 100 g. Write one comparison and back it up.
Keep the number, the unit and the per 100 g together.
Answer: J has less sugar per 100 g than K: 5 g compared with 10 g.
1. Bones with two jobs
How can bones protect us and also help us move?
Give two named examples, or describe two jobs.
Answer: The skull or ribs protect organs. Muscles pull bones at joints, so we move.
2. Pulling back
Why does a joint need a pair of muscles to move both ways?
Explain how the move can go back the other way.
Answer: Each muscle pulls when it contracts. The partner pulls the other way. Muscles do not push the bone back.
3. Food source
What does the arrow mean in grass → rabbit?
Follow the food and its stored energy.
Answer: Food and energy pass from the grass to the rabbit when the rabbit eats the grass.
4. Limits of evidence
J has less sugar per 100 g than K. Does this show everything about a healthy diet? Explain.
One nutrient is not the whole diet.
Answer: No. We also need the other nutrients, how much is eaten and the whole diet.
Starter
Starter · what makes the arm bend?
“The bone pushes the muscle, so the arm bends.”
Use a drawing or model to explain what you think happens.
A muscle contracts and pulls on a bone. The bones move at a joint. The partner muscle relaxes.
I do
I do · bones and a muscle pair
Biceps contracts and pulls. Triceps relaxes. The forearm bends at the elbow.
A simple diagram of a muscle pair. It does not show every tendon, muscle or body part.
Skeleton referenceWe do
We do · match the bone jobs
Drag a card, or pick it and then choose where it goes.
Choose a card, then a place for it. You can change your mind.
A dog has a backbone. An earthworm does not. Which is true?
I do
I do · nutrition and a model test
Nutrient
One body job
Carbohydrate
Provides energy
Protein
Growth and repair
Calcium
Bones and teeth
Foods have a mix of nutrients. Sugar alone cannot tell us about a whole diet.
We do
We do · organise a food chain
Use the arrows to put the steps in order. Read them out loud before you check.
Fox
Grass
Rabbit
Use Up and Down to put the steps in order.
Draw the arrows. Explain what each arrow means.
You do
You do · connect the science
Use the evidence cards. You may point, draw, write, sign, or tell an adult.
Open the evidence cards and tasks
1 Skeleton and animals
The skull surrounds the brain. The ribcage surrounds the heart and lungs.
Bones hold the body up. Joints let bones move when muscles pull.
Dog: backbone inside. Earthworm: no backbone.
2 A muscle pair
Bending the elbow: biceps contracts; triceps relaxes.
Straightening the elbow: triceps contracts; biceps relaxes.
In this model, contract means get shorter and pull. A muscle does not push a bone.
3 Nutrition and balance
Carbohydrate gives energy. Protein helps growth and repair. Calcium helps build strong bones. Foods have a mix of nutrients.
Label J: sugars 5 g per 100 g. Label K: sugars 10 g per 100 g.
Made-up model test: same height and mass, five taps the same. Narrow feet: stayed up 2 times out of 5. Wide feet: 5 out of 5. Only the foot spacing was changed.
4 A food chain
Grass makes its own food using light. A rabbit eats grass. A fox can eat a rabbit.
A food-chain arrow points from the food to the eater. It shows where food and energy go.
Animals get food by eating. A plant uses light to make its own food.
Supported
1. Use card 1. Match skull to brain or stomach. Then point to the animal with a backbone.
Help with this question
Find the body part inside the skull. Use the animal cards.
2. Use card 2. Complete or show: to bend the elbow, the biceps ___ and the triceps ___.
Help with this question
Word bank: contracts, relaxes. Move the model slowly, or ask an adult to.
3. Use card 3. Match carbohydrate to energy or hearing. Which feet kept the model up more often?
Help with this question
Read the body-job fact. Compare the two counts out of five.
4. Use card 4. Put grass, rabbit and fox in a food chain. Point the way the food goes.
Help with this question
Start with the plant. Ask which animal eats it, then who can eat that animal.
5. Connect two ideas: food helps muscles move because ___. Say, draw or write your idea.
Help with this question
Use these words if helpful: food, energy, muscles, pull.
Standard
1. Use card 1. Give one example of a bone that protects. Then sort the dog and the earthworm using the backbone clue.
Help with this question
Name the bone and the organ it protects. Sort the animals by what is inside them.
2. Use card 2. Describe the muscle pair when the elbow bends and when it goes straight.
Help with this question
Use contracts and relaxes each time. Name the muscle that pulls.
3. Use card 3. Compare the sugar values per 100 g. Then say what the model results show about foot spacing.
Help with this question
Keep g per 100 g when you compare. Use the two counts. Say it is only true for the model.
4. Use card 4. Draw the chain and explain one arrow. Which living thing makes its own food?
Help with this question
Follow the food to the eater. Making food is not the same as eating it.
5. Explain one link between food and moving. Use the word because.
Help with this question
Say one nutrient job. Link it to muscles or bones.
Stretch
1. Use card 1. Explain protecting and moving. Then judge this claim: an animal with no backbone cannot move.
Help with this question
A backbone is one group feature. It is not the only way animals move.
2. Use card 2. Fix this: “The biceps pushes the forearm straight.” Explain what the pair does.
Help with this question
Trace each move, both ways, and name what contracts.
3. Use card 3. Compare the sugar per 100 g. Say what the foot spacing test shows. Name one limit of the model test.
Help with this question
Use the numbers. Think about five tries, the same taps, and whether it works for real bodies.
4. Use card 4. Explain the chain. Say why the arrows must not point at what the animal wants to eat.
Help with this question
The arrow shows where food goes, not the way an animal hunts.
5. Explain one link between food, muscles and the skeleton. Then name one limit of the arm model.
Help with this question
Explain the cause and the effect. Say what the simple picture leaves out.
Exit
Exit ticket · show your understanding
Show what you understand. Use your book or one printed ticket. Write, draw, point, sign or explain. An adult can write your words for you.
Use this evidence
A model elbow bends when the biceps shortens. Food provides nutrients. In the chain grass → rabbit, the rabbit eats the grass.
1. What does the biceps do to bend the elbow: pull or push? What does its partner do?
Help with this question
Think about the muscle pair. Word bank: contracts, relaxes.
2. Complete one link: food helps muscles because ___. Which way does food move between grass and rabbit?
Help with this question
Choose a useful word: energy, hearing. Follow the food to the eater.
Answer guidance
The biceps contracts and pulls. Its partner, the triceps, relaxes.
Food gives energy that muscles use. Food moves from grass to rabbit.
1. Explain how muscles and bones work together to bend the elbow.
Help with this question
Name a contracting muscle, its partner and what moves at the joint.
2. Connect food to movement, then explain the grass → rabbit arrow.
Help with this question
Use a nutrient job. State what the arrow shows being transferred.
Answer guidance
The biceps contracts and pulls the forearm at the elbow. The triceps relaxes. Bones and muscles work together.
Food gives nutrients for energy and for keeping the body working. Muscles use energy to contract. The arrow shows food and energy passing from grass to rabbit.
1. Fix this: “Bones move because muscles push them.” Explain how the arm moves both ways.
Help with this question
Use the elbow. Say what each muscle does.
2. Link food, muscle action and bone movement. State one limit of the arm model.
Help with this question
Explain the cause and the effect. Then say how the model differs from a real arm.
Answer guidance
Muscles contract and pull bones at joints. The biceps contracts to bend the arm. The triceps contracts to straighten it while its partner relaxes.
Food gives energy and building materials. Muscles use energy to contract and pull bones at joints. The model leaves out tendons, other muscles, 3D shape and fine control.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Supported
Arrival task
Say, point, draw, sign or write. An adult may read the questions or write your answer for you.
1. Bones and jobs
Which job does the skull do: protect the brain or digest food?
Think about what is inside your head.
2. A muscle moves
A muscle gets shorter and pulls. Is that contract or relax?
You can show the idea with your hand or point to a word.
3. Animal evidence
A dog has an internal backbone. A worm does not. Which is a vertebrate?
Vertebrate means an animal with a backbone.
4. Sugar evidence
J has 5 g sugar per 100 g. K has 10 g per 100 g. Which has less sugar?
Compare the same amount of food.
STAFF ANSWERS · BUILD Science · Body Science Checkpoint · 19 October 2026 · Supported
Arrival task · answer guidance
1. Bones and jobs
Which job does the skull do: protect the brain or digest food?
Answer guidance: The skull protects the brain.
2. A muscle moves
A muscle gets shorter and pulls. Is that contract or relax?
Answer guidance: Contract.
3. Animal evidence
A dog has an internal backbone. A worm does not. Which is a vertebrate?
Answer guidance: The dog is a vertebrate.
4. Sugar evidence
J has 5 g sugar per 100 g. K has 10 g per 100 g. Which has less sugar?
Answer guidance: J: 5 g sugar per 100 g.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Standard
Arrival task
Say, point, draw, sign or write. An adult may read the questions or write your answer for you.
1. Skeleton job
Name one job of a skeleton and a bone that helps do it.
Think about holding up, protecting or moving.
2. A muscle pair
When the biceps contracts to bend an arm, what does its partner do?
Muscles pull. Think about what the triceps needs to allow.
3. Classification
Say what vertebrate means. Use the word backbone.
Use a body part on the inside as your evidence.
4. Compare with support
J: 5 g sugar per 100 g. K: 10 g per 100 g. Write one comparison and back it up.
Keep the number, the unit and the per 100 g together.
STAFF ANSWERS · BUILD Science · Body Science Checkpoint · 19 October 2026 · Standard
Arrival task · answer guidance
1. Skeleton job
Name one job of a skeleton and a bone that helps do it.
Answer guidance: For example: the skull protects the brain. Ribs protect the heart and lungs. Bones hold the body up and work with muscles at joints.
2. A muscle pair
When the biceps contracts to bend an arm, what does its partner do?
Answer guidance: The triceps relaxes and gets longer in this simple model.
3. Classification
Say what vertebrate means. Use the word backbone.
Answer guidance: A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone inside.
4. Compare with support
J: 5 g sugar per 100 g. K: 10 g per 100 g. Write one comparison and back it up.
Answer guidance: J has less sugar per 100 g than K: 5 g compared with 10 g.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Stretch
Arrival task
Say, point, draw, sign or write. An adult may read the questions or write your answer for you.
1. Bones with two jobs
How can bones protect us and also help us move?
Give two named examples, or describe two jobs.
2. Pulling back
Why does a joint need a pair of muscles to move both ways?
Explain how the move can go back the other way.
3. Food source
What does the arrow mean in grass → rabbit?
Follow the food and its stored energy.
4. Limits of evidence
J has less sugar per 100 g than K. Does this show everything about a healthy diet? Explain.
One nutrient is not the whole diet.
STAFF ANSWERS · BUILD Science · Body Science Checkpoint · 19 October 2026 · Stretch
Arrival task · answer guidance
1. Bones with two jobs
How can bones protect us and also help us move?
Answer guidance: The skull or ribs protect organs. Muscles pull bones at joints, so we move.
2. Pulling back
Why does a joint need a pair of muscles to move both ways?
Answer guidance: Each muscle pulls when it contracts. The partner pulls the other way. Muscles do not push the bone back.
3. Food source
What does the arrow mean in grass → rabbit?
Answer guidance: Food and energy pass from the grass to the rabbit when the rabbit eats the grass.
4. Limits of evidence
J has less sugar per 100 g than K. Does this show everything about a healthy diet? Explain.
Answer guidance: No. We also need the other nutrients, how much is eaten and the whole diet.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint
Shared evidence and task resources
1 Skeleton and animals
The skull surrounds the brain. The ribcage surrounds the heart and lungs.
Bones hold the body up. Joints let bones move when muscles pull.
Dog: backbone inside. Earthworm: no backbone.
2 A muscle pair
Bending the elbow: biceps contracts; triceps relaxes.
Straightening the elbow: triceps contracts; biceps relaxes.
In this model, contract means get shorter and pull. A muscle does not push a bone.
3 Nutrition and balance
Carbohydrate gives energy. Protein helps growth and repair. Calcium helps build strong bones. Foods have a mix of nutrients.
Label J: sugars 5 g per 100 g. Label K: sugars 10 g per 100 g.
Made-up model test: same height and mass, five taps the same. Narrow feet: stayed up 2 times out of 5. Wide feet: 5 out of 5. Only the foot spacing was changed.
4 A food chain
Grass makes its own food using light. A rabbit eats grass. A fox can eat a rabbit.
A food-chain arrow points from the food to the eater. It shows where food and energy go.
Animals get food by eating. A plant uses light to make its own food.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Supported
Your task
1. Use card 1. Match skull to brain or stomach. Then point to the animal with a backbone.
Help with this question
Find the body part inside the skull. Use the animal cards.
2. Use card 2. Complete or show: to bend the elbow, the biceps ___ and the triceps ___.
Help with this question
Word bank: contracts, relaxes. Move the model slowly, or ask an adult to.
3. Use card 3. Match carbohydrate to energy or hearing. Which feet kept the model up more often?
Help with this question
Read the body-job fact. Compare the two counts out of five.
4. Use card 4. Put grass, rabbit and fox in a food chain. Point the way the food goes.
Help with this question
Start with the plant. Ask which animal eats it, then who can eat that animal.
5. Connect two ideas: food helps muscles move because ___. Say, draw or write your idea.
Help with this question
Use these words if helpful: food, energy, muscles, pull.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Standard
Your task
1. Use card 1. Give one example of a bone that protects. Then sort the dog and the earthworm using the backbone clue.
Help with this question
Name the bone and the organ it protects. Sort the animals by what is inside them.
2. Use card 2. Describe the muscle pair when the elbow bends and when it goes straight.
Help with this question
Use contracts and relaxes each time. Name the muscle that pulls.
3. Use card 3. Compare the sugar values per 100 g. Then say what the model results show about foot spacing.
Help with this question
Keep g per 100 g when you compare. Use the two counts. Say it is only true for the model.
4. Use card 4. Draw the chain and explain one arrow. Which living thing makes its own food?
Help with this question
Follow the food to the eater. Making food is not the same as eating it.
5. Explain one link between food and moving. Use the word because.
Help with this question
Say one nutrient job. Link it to muscles or bones.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Stretch
Your task
1. Use card 1. Explain protecting and moving. Then judge this claim: an animal with no backbone cannot move.
Help with this question
A backbone is one group feature. It is not the only way animals move.
2. Use card 2. Fix this: “The biceps pushes the forearm straight.” Explain what the pair does.
Help with this question
Trace each move, both ways, and name what contracts.
3. Use card 3. Compare the sugar per 100 g. Say what the foot spacing test shows. Name one limit of the model test.
Help with this question
Use the numbers. Think about five tries, the same taps, and whether it works for real bodies.
4. Use card 4. Explain the chain. Say why the arrows must not point at what the animal wants to eat.
Help with this question
The arrow shows where food goes, not the way an animal hunts.
5. Explain one link between food, muscles and the skeleton. Then name one limit of the arm model.
Help with this question
Explain the cause and the effect. Say what the simple picture leaves out.
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Supported
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Standard
BUILD · Science · Body Science Checkpoint · Stretch
STAFF ANSWERS · BUILD Science
Body Science Checkpoint
Shared activities
Bone jobs: support, protection and movement. Dog vertebrate, earthworm invertebrate. Biceps contracts to bend, triceps contracts to straighten. Grass → rabbit → fox. Wider feet kept the matched model upright more often in the supplied example. Sugar is one piece of nutrition evidence.
Supported task
Skull protects brain. Dog has the internal backbone.
Biceps contracts; triceps relaxes.
Carbohydrate provides energy. Wide feet: upright 5/5 times compared with 2/5 for narrow feet.
Grass → rabbit → fox. Arrows go from food to eater.
Food provides nutrients used for energy. Muscles use energy when they contract and pull bones.
Standard task
Skull protects brain or ribcage protects heart/lungs. Dog vertebrate; earthworm invertebrate.
J has 5 g sugar per 100 g, less than K at 10 g. Wider feet kept this matched model upright more often: 5/5 versus 2/5.
Grass → rabbit → fox. For example, food and energy pass from grass to rabbit. Grass makes its own food using light.
For example, food provides energy, which muscles use when they contract and pull bones. Protein helps growth/repair; calcium supports bones are other valid linked explanations.
Stretch task
Skull/ribs protect organs; muscles pull bones at joints. Earthworms have no backbone but can move, so that claim is false.
Triceps contracts to straighten the elbow as biceps relaxes. Biceps contracts to bend it. Muscles actively pull, not push.
J has half K’s sugar per 100 g: 5 versus 10 g. Wide feet were upright 5/5, narrow 2/5. Five trials and imperfectly matched taps limit evidence; model results alone do not establish all human balance behaviour.
Grass → rabbit → fox. Food and energy transfer from eaten organism to eater. Grass makes food using light; the animals obtain it by eating.
Nutrients provide energy and materials; muscles use energy to contract and pull bones at joints. The model simplifies tendons, three-dimensional anatomy, other muscles and detailed control.
Exit ticket · answer guidance
Supported
The biceps contracts and pulls. Its partner, the triceps, relaxes.
Food gives energy that muscles use. Food moves from grass to rabbit.
Standard
The biceps contracts and pulls the forearm at the elbow. The triceps relaxes. Bones and muscles work together.
Food gives nutrients for energy and for keeping the body working. Muscles use energy to contract. The arrow shows food and energy passing from grass to rabbit.
Stretch
Muscles contract and pull bones at joints. The biceps contracts to bend the arm. The triceps contracts to straighten it while its partner relaxes.
Food gives energy and building materials. Muscles use energy to contract and pull bones at joints. The model leaves out tendons, other muscles, 3D shape and fine control.
BUILD · Science · Week 8B · Do · Week 8 · w/c 19 October 2026
Feedback and marking · W8B
Staff copy — not for pupil books.
Lead with VF. Practical and exit tasks carry no written-comment expectation (Curriculum Policy 2026/27 §14.3: written marking where it adds value, typically Launch GCSE and Functional Skills writing).
Codes
VF
Verbal feedback given here
WS
Worked with support
I
Independent
NS + …
Next step one specific thing
E
Evidence captured on the school’s digital evidence platform
R
Responded loop closed (Audience has happened)
//
Self-edit point
?
Read this back to me
Curriculum Policy 2026/27 §14.3 summary: VF WS I NS E R (six codes; NS “next step”, E “evidence on digital software app”, R “responded to feedback”). The Feedback Policy, the code source, adds // and ? and expands NS to one specific thing and R to loop closed.
Margin edits: in the same colour, on the same page.
The R gate
Voice — point, sign, verbal response, demonstration, re-attempt, edit or authorised short clip.
Audience — an adult genuinely receives the response.
R only when both happened.
NS + … prompts, one per route
Supported — You have written that the bone pushes the muscle. Show me which one pulls.
Standard — You have named a job the skeleton does. Add the clue that shows it.
Stretch — Check your food-chain arrow. Say what it is pointing at and why.
Read the cause, not the child: Secure · Mixed · Misconception · Access barrier · Method or data.
Involvement moment — We do · match the evidence
Pupil voice is invited here and can be recorded as VF. Voice is point, sign, verbal response, demonstration, re-attempt, edit or authorised short clip — pointing, signing, demonstrating and re-attempting all count, not only speaking.
Arrival line
“Last lesson your evidence showed __, so today we’re starting with __.”
The ordinary inheritance line returns here, and it names W8A’s evidence specifically — by now there is a lesson this teacher has actually seen.
Codes from the Feedback & Marking Policy 2025/2026 (Pilot), Issue 1, May 2026, verified in session 2026-09-15 (SHA-256 41046284a00c9218679b946134cbc6e53c1897aad28b15fc4bd4aa963720ff3b). Voice and Audience from _sciv3/build/POLICY_ALIGNMENT.md (SHA-256 9d16fb2cbb314bd883ece6eb9249f268fa5bee0a82f48c3be229df551ad722d8), the repository’s hash-pinned alignment record.