Humanities Aut 1 · 2026–27 · Enquiry: How can several causes combine to influence migration to the Tees Valley?
| Key Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Migration | Moving to live in a new place |
| Push factor | Drives people away from a place |
| Pull factor | Attracts people to a place |
| Network | People following family/friends |
| Condition | Background circumstance behind a move |
| Trigger | The event that starts the journey |
1) 'The photo shows smoke.' Shows or suggests?
2) What is migration?
3) Why might a new ironworks bring people to a town?
4) Name one thing that could make a family move towns today.
1) What is an inference?
2) What is a push factor?
3) What is a pull factor?
4) What was found in the Eston Hills in 1850?
1) What is corroboration?
2) Why is 'jobs' alone an incomplete explanation of migration?
3) Sort: famine, wages, family already there. Push/pull/network?
4) Same cause, different families — why different choices?
Key Question: In 1829 Middlesbrough had about 40 people. By 1901: over 90,000. People CHOSE to come. Why would you?
Groups: ⬅️ PUSH (drives away), ➡️ PULL (attracts), 👪 NETWORK (people follow people). Sort: 🥔 Famine in Ireland, 📉 No work in the village, ⛏️ Iron jobs on the Tees, 🏠 New terraced houses, ✉️ A brother's letter: 'come over', ⛪ A Welsh chapel already here, 💷 Better wages than home, 🏚️ Rents rising back home
Draw lines to match:
🍀 Irish families, 1850s · 🏴 Welsh ironworkers · 🏴 Scottish steelmen · 🌾 North Yorkshire farm lads · 🌍 European steel families · 🧑⚕️ NHS staff today
Followed the iron trade north-east · Shipyard & steel skills to the Tees · Fleeing famine → iron & dock work · Recruited to Tees hospitals · Skills wanted, networks grew · Left the land for better wages
push, pull, network, jobs, famine, letter, wages, because
"They left because…" | "Teesside pulled them because…" | "They knew about it because…"
Push: what drove them out. Pull: what drew them here. Network: how they knew. Link: join with 'combined with'.
"The decisive cause was ___ because without it ___" | "___ was necessary but not sufficient…" | "Comparing the ___ and ___ families shows…"
🛑 PUSH — something AT HOME that drives people away. Hunger, no work, danger.
🧲 PULL — something at the NEW PLACE that draws people in. Jobs, wages, housing.
🔗 NETWORK — a PERSON who shows the way. A letter, a cousin, a friend who got set on.
because · which meant · combined with · and so
| Reason | Direction |
|---|---|
| The potato harvest failed — hunger at home | 🛑 PUSH |
| Ironworks on the Tees were hiring | 🧲 PULL |
| A cousin in Middlesbrough wrote “there’s work here” | 🔗 NETWORK |
🛑 PUSH OR PULL? USE THE HOME TEST.
Point at the reason and ask: where is this happening?
AT HOME, making people unhappy → it is PUSHING them out 🛑
AT THE NEW PLACE, inviting them over → it is PULLING them in 🧲
If it is a PERSON who showed the way → that is NETWORK 🔗
❓ ONE STORY, TWO FACTORS?
Yes — that is normal, and naming both is the better answer.
“Leaving hunger to find wages” = hunger at home is a PUSH, wages on the Tees are a PULL. Two halves of one journey.
🚀 STRETCH ONLY — what KIND of reason is it?
💰 Money (work, wages) ⚔️ Safety (war, danger) 🍲 Living (food, home, family) 🌿 Land (weather, flood, harvest)
Do the direction FIRST. Only add the kind once the direction is certain.
🔤 Words I might need: migration · push · pull · network · cause · famine · wages · settle
One Family's Journey
1) Family chosen: ______________
2) Sort the 4 strips: PUSH / PULL / NETWORK.
3) Finish: "They came to Teesside because…"
Linked Causes
1) Push sentence:
2) Pull sentence:
3) Network sentence:
4) One linking sentence using 'combined with':
Causes in Combination
1) Full linked paragraph (push + pull + network) for one family:
2) 'Was the pull ever enough on its own?' — answer using a second family:
3) Label one cause as the TRIGGER and defend the label:
1) What is a pull factor? Give one Teesside example.
2) What pushed many Irish families in the 1850s?
3) What is a network in migration?
Space → Voice → Audience → Influence. The adult’s first job is Space: regulate before you educate.
| Space | The Journeys Map stays up — add a string for any journey in YOUR family, any distance, any time. |
| Voice | One sentence: the reason you think mattered MOST in 1850s Middlesbrough — and your evidence. |
| Audience | Our push/pull wall display teaches Week 4's visitors what moved people here. |
| Influence | Nominate the person or community Week 4 investigates — class shortlist, your vote decides. |
Closing the loop: out loud, as a class, is enough here. Any inclusion counts — a nod, a word, a pointed finger. If a pupil wants theirs written down, an adult scribes it in their words. Pass is always allowed.
Keep with your book / folder.
| Pupil name: | Date: |
| WWW (What Went Well): | |
| EBI (Even Better If): | |
| Level worked at: Supported / Standard / Stretch | Evidence filed: Yes / Not yet |
| Authorship — what I chose or decided myself: | |
| Support given — prepared / scribed / modelled / hand-over-hand: | |
| Pupil response — my next step: | |
1) Why is 'they came for jobs' an incomplete explanation?
2) Link two causes with 'which meant' in one sentence.
3) Name two communities that came to the Tees and one reason each.
1) Distinguish a condition from a trigger in migration.
2) Why did the same famine move some families and not others?
3) Is Middlesbrough's growth best explained by pull, push or network? Commit and defend.
BUILD Humanities · Week 3 · Why People Came
Add your class once — names stay on this device only, and every Made by Matt lesson on it shares the list. Band each pupil so questions are tier-matched.
Pass is always allowed — passing still counts as taking part.